Migration rate

This indicator measures the net migration rate, representing the difference between the number of immigrants entering a territory and the number of emigrants leaving it, expressed per 1,000 inhabitants. By capturing this net flow, the metric identifies whether a population is growing or shrinking due to migratory movements rather than natural change (births and deaths).
As a significant driver of demographic change, migration can rapidly influence the size and composition of the labor force. Positive migration often helps mitigate the effects of an aging domestic population by bolstering the working-age cohort. Conversely, negative migration may signal a loss of human capital, potentially reducing the economy's capacity for long-term growth.