Total population in Japan
In 2025, the total population (number of people) in Japan was 123,103,479 people, down from 123,753,041 people in 2024. This gives Japan the 8th-highest among G20 countries, and the 12th-highest globally (out of 236 economies with available data).
Total population
Number of people
Japan
How Japan compares
About this indicator
Total population refers to all residents of a country or territory, regardless of legal status or citizenship. It reflects demographic dynamics driven by births, deaths, and migration.
Population data are essential for calculating per capita indicators and for understanding the scale of an economy, its labor force, and its social services demand. Changes in population size have direct implications for economic growth potential, fiscal sustainability, and resource allocation.
This indicator is measured at mid-year (July 1) and expressed in number of people.
Population data are essential for calculating per capita indicators and for understanding the scale of an economy, its labor force, and its social services demand. Changes in population size have direct implications for economic growth potential, fiscal sustainability, and resource allocation.
This indicator is measured at mid-year (July 1) and expressed in number of people.
Sources and updates
Data sources
The data for this indicator are drawn from the United Nations (UN) World Population Prospects database.
Last update
This indicator was last updated on Econorama on 18 June 2026 and reflects the latest data available from the underlying sources at that time.
More on Japan
Population & Demographics
Cumulative growth of population
Total growth of population (%) since 2010
Rank206th of 236
Median age of population
Age dividing the population into two equal halves
Rank4th of 236
Elderly population
Share of total population aged 65 and over
Rank3rd of 236
Young population
Share of total population aged under 15
Rank233rd of 236
Working age population
Share of total population aged 15 to 64
Rank193rd of 236
Fertility rate
Average number of births per woman
Rank214th of 236
Migration rate
Net number of migrants (immigrants minus emigrants) per 1,000 population
Rank72nd of 236
Economic activity
Health
Public Finance
Government debt (% of GDP)
Gross debt of the general government
Rank2nd of 190
Public debt per capita
Gross debt of the general government, in current international dollars
Rank2nd of 191
Government budget balance (% of GDP)
Positive values indicate a surplus; negative values indicate a deficit
Rank53rd of 194