Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy at birth represents the average number of years a newborn is expected to live, assuming that current mortality conditions remain the same throughout their life. Because we cannot know future death rates in advance, this indicator uses a "snapshot" of today’s conditions to estimate lifespan. If healthcare and living standards continue to improve over time, actual lifespans will likely be higher than this current estimate.
As a key measure of population well-being, life expectancy reflects a country’s overall quality of life, including access to healthcare, lifestyle trends, and socioeconomic stability. While rising life expectancy is a sign of social progress, it also contributes to an aging population, requiring sustainable social security systems and healthcare infrastructure to support a larger elderly cohort.